Macronutrient
Quick Definition
One of the three main nutrients the body needs in large amounts: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
In-Depth Explanation
Macronutrients are the nutrients required by the body in large quantities to provide energy and support growth, metabolism, and other body functions. The three macronutrients are carbohydrates (4 calories/gram), proteins (4 calories/gram), and fats (9 calories/gram).
Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source, broken down into glucose for immediate use or stored as glycogen. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, producing enzymes and hormones, and supporting immune function. Fats are necessary for hormone production, nutrient absorption, organ protection, and energy storage.
The ideal macronutrient ratio varies based on individual goals, activity level, and health conditions. General guidelines suggest 45-65% of calories from carbohydrates, 10-35% from protein, and 20-35% from fat. Tracking macronutrients ('macro counting') has become a popular approach to nutrition management.